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Orhan Yuksel 1 , Hakan Turhan 2, Metin Bahtiyar 3 1 Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Bayramic College, Canakkale, Turkey 2 Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Agricultural Faculty, Canakkale, Turkey 3 Trakya University, Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty (Emeritus professor), Turkey Abstract In this research, the aim of this study was to determine effect of different concentrations of municipal waste compost (0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 120 and 160 t/ha) on barley growth and yield. This two year study showed that waste compost application to soil resulted in an increase in both stalk and grain yield of barley. The best doses among applied doses were 120 and 160 t/ha. Effectiveness of applied waste compost declined in the second year, therefore, the differences between the first and second year results were found to be significant. Therefore, to obtain a sufficient stalk and grain yield in the second year, some additional waste compost and mineral fertilizers should be applied. Results and Discussion In order to determine the effect of waste compost on barley growth, the results of variance analyses for stalk and grain for both two years were presented in Table 3. It can be seen in Table 3, that the differences between years in terms of both characters were found to be highly significant. Similarly, the effect of waste compost on both characters measured was highly significant. However, their interaction was not significant. Mean values for stalk and yield grain obtained form first and second year experiments were given in Table 4. According to the first year results, in general, increasing levels of waste compost resulted in an increase in stalk yield. At control level, mean stalk yield was 16.9 kg/plot whereas at the highest level of waste compost (160 t/ha) it reached up to 27.5 kg/plot. This increase was about 63 %. As a result, all waste composts applications had a positive contribute on stalk yield when compared to the control. When the second year results were discussed, the stalk yield results were similar to first year results (Table 4). At control level, the stalk yield was 2.60 kg/plot while the mean yield reached up to 6.6 kg/plot with 100 t/ha waste compost application. For comparison first and second year results, Figure 1 shows that the addition of waste compost to the soils improved stalk yield comparing with the control for both years. These results were in line with the results obtained by Bahtiyar (1985). However, the first year yield values for all compost doses were higher than the second year values. These differences indicated that the positive effect of applied waste compost on stalk yield dramatically declined in the second year. In grain yield, like stalk yield, waste compost application considerably enhanced grain yield comparing with control in the first year (Table 4). Grain yield at control dose was 8.90 kg/plot while it was 14.30 kg/plot at the highest two compost levels (120 and 160 t/ha). In the second year, addition of compost to the soil had a positive effect on grain yield when compared to control plots. The lowest yield (3.6 kg/plot) was obtained from the control whereas the highest yield (9.9 kg/plot) was obtained from 100 t/ha compost dose. Figure 2 also shows that compost application resulted in an increase in grain yield for both years. Several researchers also stated that adding waste compost to soil improved the yield of several crops (Assche et al., 1982; Tiwari et al., 1989; Chattopadhyay et al., 1992; Hue et al., 1994). As a conclusion, the addition of waste compost into soil enhanced barley yield and the best doses among applied doses were 120 and 160 t/ha. However, in the second year, the yield decreased when compared to the first year. Therefore, to obtain a sufficient stalk and grain yield in the second year, some additional waste compost and mineral fertilizers should be applied. |